# Brewnote

> Straight answers about brewing, roast levels, caffeine and coffee beans — measured numbers, no hype.

Brewnote publishes 37 articles about coffee: brewing methods, espresso, cold brew,
roast levels, caffeine content and coffee beans. Every article opens with a direct answer, states
measured figures with units, links its sources, and says explicitly where evidence is contested.
Written and edited by Mical Robert, Editor. Author page: https://trysix.online/author/mical-robert

Every article is also available as plain markdown by appending `.md` to its URL.
The complete text of every article is at https://trysix.online/llms-full.txt.

## Brewing

Ratios, grind, water and time — the four dials that decide how a cup tastes.

- [Brewing hub](https://trysix.online/topics/brewing): Almost every complaint about home coffee — bitter, sour, thin, harsh — traces back to one of four variables: how much coffee you used, how finely it was ground,…
- [What Is Ground Coffee?](https://trysix.online/what-is-ground-coffee): Ground coffee is roasted beans broken into particles for brewing. What the grind labels mean, how it differs from instant, and how fast it goes stale.
- [How to Grind Coffee Beans](https://trysix.online/how-to-grind-coffee-beans): Grind size by brewing method, why burr grinders beat blades, and what to do when you have no grinder at all — including where to get beans ground.
- [How to Make Coffee on the Stove](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-coffee-on-the-stove): Three stovetop methods: the moka pot, the saucepan brew and the percolator. What each one does to the cup, with timings and safety notes.
- [How to Use a Drip Coffee Maker](https://trysix.online/how-to-use-a-drip-coffee-maker): Where the water goes, how much coffee to use, which filter to buy and how often to descale — plus how a drip machine actually works inside.
- [How to Make the Perfect Cup of Coffee](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-a-perfect-cup-of-coffee): Five variables decide how coffee tastes: ratio, grind, water, temperature and time. Set them once and every cup after that is repeatable.
- [How to Make Coffee Without a Coffee Maker](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-coffee-without-a-coffee-maker): Five ways to brew real coffee with no machine: saucepan, sieve, mug steep, improvised filter and cloth. Ratios and timings for each.

## Espresso

What actually defines espresso, what a shot contains, and what you can do without a machine.

- [Espresso hub](https://trysix.online/topics/espresso): Espresso is not a bean, a roast level or a flavour. It is a brewing method defined by pressure: roughly 9 bar of water forced through a compacted bed of finely …
- [What Is Café au Lait?](https://trysix.online/what-is-cafe-au-lait): Brewed coffee and scalded milk in equal parts — not an espresso drink. How it differs from a latte, and the New Orleans chicory version.
- [The Types of Coffee Drinks Explained](https://trysix.online/types-of-coffee-drinks): Latte, cappuccino, flat white, cortado, macchiato and the rest — separated by the one thing that actually differs: the ratio of milk to espresso.
- [What Is an Espresso Shot?](https://trysix.online/what-is-an-espresso-shot): Single, double, ristretto and lungo explained by volume and ratio — plus how many shots are actually in a latte, cappuccino and americano.
- [How to Make Espresso at Home](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-espresso-at-home): Dose, grind, tamp and timing for a proper shot — plus an honest account of what a moka pot and an AeroPress can and cannot reproduce.
- [Are Espresso Beans the Same as Coffee Beans?](https://trysix.online/espresso-beans-vs-coffee-beans): Yes — same species, same farms, same seeds. What the espresso label on a bag actually tells you, and when it matters for your brewer.
- [Espresso vs Coffee: The Difference](https://trysix.online/espresso-vs-coffee): Same beans, different method. Pressure, grind, ratio and time set espresso apart from drip — and reverse the answer on which has more caffeine.
- [What Is Espresso?](https://trysix.online/what-is-espresso): Espresso is a brewing method defined by pressure: about 9 bar through fine grounds for 25–30 seconds. Not a bean, not a roast, not a flavour.

## Cold Brew & Iced

Steeping cold for 12–24 hours makes a different drink from pouring hot coffee over ice.

- [Cold Brew & Iced hub](https://trysix.online/topics/cold-brew): Cold brew and iced coffee are frequently treated as synonyms and are not. Cold brew never meets hot water: coarse grounds steep in cold or room-temperature wate…
- [How to Make Iced Coffee](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-iced-coffee): Three methods for iced coffee that isn't watery: flash-chilled over ice, brewed double strength, or chilled first. With ratios and timings.
- [Is Cold Brew Coffee Healthy?](https://trysix.online/is-cold-brew-coffee-healthy): Cold brew is measurably less acidic than hot coffee. Whether that makes it healthier, or gentler on your stomach, is a much weaker claim.
- [Is Cold Brew Stronger Than Coffee?](https://trysix.online/is-cold-brew-stronger): Cold brew is usually stronger as sold, but not because cold water extracts more. The honest answer depends on the ratio and the dilution.
- [Cold Brew vs Iced Coffee](https://trysix.online/cold-brew-vs-iced-coffee): Cold brew steeps for hours without heat; iced coffee is brewed hot and chilled. What that changes in taste, caffeine, cost and how long each keeps.
- [How to Make Cold Brew Coffee](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-cold-brew-coffee): A 1:8 cold brew recipe you can pour straight over ice, with grind size, steep times, filtering technique and a fix for every common fault.
- [How to Make Cold Brew Concentrate](https://trysix.online/how-to-make-cold-brew-concentrate): A 1:5 cold brew concentrate recipe by weight, with steep times, grind size, a dilution table and the mistakes that make it bitter.

## Roast Levels

Light, medium and dark describe how far a bean went in the roaster — not its strength.

- [Roast Levels hub](https://trysix.online/topics/roast): Roast level is a measure of applied heat and time, marked by two audible events. First crack, around 385°F, is when moisture inside the bean flashes to steam an…
- [How to Roast Coffee Beans at Home](https://trysix.online/how-to-roast-coffee-beans-at-home): Roast green beans in a pan, an oven or an air popper. First and second crack, timings, cooling, degassing — and the ventilation you will need.
- [Light vs Dark Roast: Which Has More Caffeine?](https://trysix.online/light-vs-dark-roast): By weight light roast wins; by scoop dark roast often does. Both answers are correct — here is the arithmetic that makes them flip.
- [What Is Dark Roast Coffee?](https://trysix.online/what-is-dark-roast-coffee): Dark roast runs into or past second crack, around 437–450°F. Why it tastes stronger, why it isn't more caffeinated, and why it's less acidic.
- [What Is Light Roast Coffee?](https://trysix.online/what-is-a-light-roast-coffee): Light roast is coffee stopped shortly after first crack, around 356–401°F. What that does to acidity, body, caffeine and how you should brew it.

## Caffeine & Decaf

How much caffeine is actually in a cup, a shot, a pot — and in decaf.

- [Caffeine & Decaf hub](https://trysix.online/topics/caffeine): An 8 oz cup of brewed coffee averages about 95 mg of caffeine, a single espresso shot about 63 mg, and a cup of decaf about 2 mg. Those averages hide a wide spr…
- [Decaf Espresso and Lattes: The Caffeine](https://trysix.online/decaf-espresso-and-lattes): A decaf shot carries 3–15 mg, several times a cup of decaf drip. Why espresso concentrates the residue, and what half-caff actually means.
- [Does Decaf Coffee Dehydrate You?](https://trysix.online/is-decaf-coffee-a-diuretic): No. Decaf is close to water in its effect on fluid balance — and even regular coffee's diuretic reputation is weaker than commonly believed.
- [How Is Decaf Coffee Made?](https://trysix.online/how-is-decaf-coffee-made): Four industrial processes — Swiss Water, CO2, ethyl acetate and methylene chloride — explained, with what each does to flavour and safety.
- [Does Decaf Coffee Have Caffeine?](https://trysix.online/does-decaf-coffee-have-caffeine): Yes — about 2 mg per 8 oz cup against 95 mg in regular. What the 97 percent rule means, and when the residue actually matters.
- [What Coffee Has the Most Caffeine?](https://trysix.online/what-coffee-has-the-most-caffeine): Robusta beans, a big serving and a strong ratio — ranked by how much each actually moves the number, with the brew methods compared.
- [How Much Caffeine Is in a Cup of Coffee?](https://trysix.online/how-much-caffeine-in-a-cup-of-coffee): About 95 mg in an 8 oz cup — but the real range is wide. Milligram figures by serving size, brew method and pot, with the 400 mg guideline.

## Beans & Origins

Where coffee grows, how the cherry becomes a bean, and what to buy.

- [Beans & Origins hub](https://trysix.online/topics/beans): Coffee is the seed of a fruit. A coffee cherry contains two flat-sided seeds, and everything between the tree and your grinder — picking, pulping, drying, hulli…
- [The Best Coffee for Beginners](https://trysix.online/best-coffee-for-beginners): Start with a medium-roast washed Latin American coffee, a burr grinder and a scale. What to buy first, in what order, and what to skip.
- [What Does Coffee Taste Like?](https://trysix.online/what-does-coffee-taste-like): Bitter, acidic, sweet, and a body you feel rather than taste. How to describe what is in your cup, and why origin notes are not added flavourings.
- [Where to Buy Coffee Beans](https://trysix.online/where-to-buy-coffee-beans): Roast date beats brand, price and origin. Where to find beans roasted within weeks, and the cost-per-cup maths that makes it affordable.
- [How to Store Coffee Beans](https://trysix.online/how-to-store-coffee-beans): Oxygen is the enemy, not time. An airtight opaque container at room temperature — and an honest answer on the freezer question.
- [Types of Coffee Beans Explained](https://trysix.online/types-of-coffee-beans): Arabica, robusta, liberica and excelsa compared — plus what single origin, blend and breakfast blend actually mean on a bag.
- [Where Do Coffee Beans Come From?](https://trysix.online/where-do-coffee-beans-come-from): The Bean Belt between 25°N and 30°S, the top producing countries, coffee's Ethiopian origin — and whether any is grown in the United States.
- [How Coffee Is Made, Cherry to Cup](https://trysix.online/how-coffee-is-made): Picking, pulping, fermenting, drying, hulling, grading, shipping and roasting — and how washed, natural and honey processing change the flavour.
- [What Is Coffee?](https://trysix.online/what-is-coffee): Coffee is the roasted seed of a fruit, brewed in water. The whole chain from cherry to cup, and a map of everything else on this site.

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